Towards a Resilient Fish Value Chain in Kenya: Innovations, Challenges and Future Opportunities

Fish value chain in Kenya contributes significantly to food security, livelihoods, employment, and the blue economy. The sector has changed dramatically in recent years due to technological innovations, increased aquaculture production, legislative assistance, and growing demand for fish and fish products. This review examines innovations, challenges and future opportunities for strengthening resilience within Kenyan fish value chain. The review synthesized information from scientific literature, policy documents, institutional reports and publications related to fisheries and aquaculture development in Kenya. The findings show that adopting improved fish breeds, cage culture, recirculating aquaculture methods, feed technology and digital marketing platforms have increased fish productivity and market access. Advances in fish processing, cold-chain infrastructure, solar drying and value addition have also contributed to reduced post-harvest losses and improved product quality. However, the sector continues to face constraints which include high feed costs, inadequate quality seed supply, weak infrastructure, overfishing, environmental degradation, climate change impacts, limited financing and insufficient extension services. These challenges affect small holder fish farmers, traders and processors, limiting productivity and sustainability. The review highlights opportunities for building a more resilient and sustainable fish value chain through climate smart aquaculture, sustainable fisheries management, digital technologies, circular economy approaches and strengthened public private partnerships. Increased investment in research, infrastructure, capacity building and inclusive policies targeting youth and women participation will be essential for enhancing competitiveness and long-term growth of the sector.